The personality and outreach of Pope Francis attracted worldwide admiration. Though he did not stray from Catholic doctrine, he connected those teachings to issues such as immigration and climate change. He was not as progressive as some progressives hoped, and he also frustrated traditionalists, a split that played out in the United States.

So, what’s next? Maureen K. Day is one of the authors of “Catholicism at a Crossroads: The Present and Future of America’s Largest Church,” a survey informed by interviews. What does Catholic identity mean in America today, and how did it adapt to the modern papacy of Pope Francis?

Day, a research affiliate at the University of Southern California’s Center for Religion and Civic Culture and the Institute for Advanced Catholic Studies, joins Equal Time.